1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）
1. Introduction1.1 Background of the research In recent years, with China's reform and opening up and economic development, China's international influence has gradually increased, and its international status has been continuously improved. Because the report is the annual report of the government, its content is updated timely, focusing on the latest development at home and abroad, keeping pace with the times, and the text is full of the flavor of the times. Therefore, in this case, the role of the report should not be underestimated. The report is highly political. Once there are translation errors, it will cause misunderstanding. Translators should not only understand the background and meaning of hot words, but also choose appropriate translation strategies. Only in this way can effective communication between China and other countries be realized. The English translation of the report not only has the important function of conveying and implementing the major policies of the party and the state, but also is the most authoritative source for other countries to understand China's national conditions, policies, political systems, political positions, etc. (Wang Xiaoping, 2006:109). From the perspective of functional equivalence theory, some scholars analyze the translation of the report, and there are also many scholars who explore the English translation of hot words in the report. However, through library literature review, and Internet search, the author knows that at this stage, the combination of functional equivalence theory and English translation of hot words is rarely studied. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the English translation of hot words in the report.1.2 Need for the studyThe government work report is not only the work summary and planning deployment of the Chinese government, but also an important window for all countries in the world to understand China's national conditions, policies and propositions. The translation of political essays shoulders the important task of publicizing China to the world. The quality of its translation directly affects the development of China's publicity work abroad, and even is closely related to China's international image and national interests. Based on Eugene Nida's functional equivalence theory and corpus, this paper analyzes the English version of the government work report in 2020 with specific examples, so as to put forward the translation methods of the Chinese version, so as to achieve the functional equivalence between the original text and the translated text, and strive for the strictness of the translation We should express our government's policies, propositions, views and attitudes, highlight the connotation of language and culture with Chinese characteristics, and enhance the soft power of national culture.1.3 Purposes of the researchFrom the perspective of Nida's functional equivalence theory, this paper discusses the English translation strategies of characteristic words in the government work report 2020, recognizing that translators should flexibly choose literal translation, literal translation annotation or free translation strategies according to different text contents and forms, so as to make the connotation and significance of functional equivalence theory fully embodied in the foreign publicity translation of political papers. In addition, through the study of different translation strategies in the official version, this paper summarizes some common translation methods to achieve functional equivalence. In addition, this study also tends to judge the official version of neologisms and put forward some suggestions. The author hopes that this study can guide the English translation of government documents and promote the communication between China and Western countries. 2. Literature Review2.1 Functional Equivalence theoryIn the process of translating the Bible, Eugene Nida, a famous American translator, put forward the translation theory of "dynamic equivalence" from the perspective of linguistics in the 1960s. In on translation, he said: "the dynamic characteristics of this kind of translation depend on the comparison of two kinds of relations, that is, the relationship between the target language receiver and the target language text should be roughly equivalent to that between the source language receiver and the source language text." In the 1980s, Nida replaced "dynamic equivalence" with "functional equivalence". The theory of functional equivalence emphasizes that the response of the target audience to the target text should be roughly equivalent to that of the source reader to the original text, aiming at the equivalence of the information content and communication effect of the target language, focusing on the meaning of the original text rather than the linguistic form of the original text. But this is not to say that we can translate freely, but to achieve formal equivalence as much as possible while striving for information equivalence. The theory of functional equivalence takes more account of the response of the target readers, as well as the communicative and cultural factors, which is feasible in the translation of political texts.2.2 The application of Functional Equivalence theory What the term "functional equivalence" suggests is not just that the equivalence is between the function of the source text in the source culture and the function of the target text (translation) in the target culture, but that "function" can be thought of as a property of the text. It is possible to associate functional equivalence with how people interact in cultures. Because functional equivalence avoids strictly following the grammatical structure of the original text and tends to be more natural in the target language, it is sometimes used when the readability of the translation is more important than retaining the grammatical structure of the original text.2.3 Definition of neologisms with Chinese characteristics What is neologism? Many scholars and linguistics from both home and abroad hold different opinions about it. A famous British scholar Peter Newmark (2001) defines neologism in his A Textbook of Translation as newly coined lexical units or existing lexical units that acquire a new sense (p.140). According to Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary (7th ed.), neologisms are described as a new word or expression or a new meaning of a word (2009, p.1341). The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English defines neologisms as a new word or expression, or a new meaning for an older word (2002, p.951). Wang Tiekun (1992) points out that neologisms refer to newly created or borrowed words from other languages, from the national language of dialect words, archaisms and industry language, and also refer to existing words with new meanings and new usages (p.16). Liu Shuxin (1990) holds the opinion that a word, which not only created, but also achieved universal acceptance and widely used by people, having its position in the vocabulary system, can be called neologism.Based on the above definitions of neologisms, Chinese neologisms can be defined as the follows: Chinese neologisms refer to the newly-created Chinese words, or the words borrowed from other language, or the old Chinese words with new meanings, which can express the new things, new concepts, new ideas, new experiences, or new problems in Chinese society and culture. Besides, Chinese neologisms should abide by the laws of Chinese formation and should be universally accepted and widely used by a group of people. The Chinese neologisms in this paper are mainly selected from 2020 Chinese Government Work Report.ReferencesJoseph, E. J. 2016. Language and Politics[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language EducationPress.Munday, J. 2007. Style and Ideology in Translation[M]. London and New York: Roultedge.Newmark, P. 2001. Approaches to Translation[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.Nida，E.A.1964.TowardsaScience ofTranslating[M].Leiden: E.J.Brill. Nida, E. A. C. R. Taber. 1969. The Theory and Practice of Translation[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.Nida，E.A.1986.From One Language to Another[M].Edinburgh:Tomas Nelson Inc.Nida, E.A. 1993. Language culture and translation[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign LanguageEducationPress.曹建新. 1994. 纽马克新词翻译观评介[J]. 中国翻译（3）：6-9.李萌. 2009. 从功能对等看《政府工作报告的翻译》[D]. 山东：山东大学.邱茵. 2010. 奈达功能对等理论下全国政府工作报告的英译研究[D]. 四川：四川师范大学.孙文静. 2013. 从功能对等理论视角研究汉语新词英译[D]. 山东：山东大学.邵志宏. 2010. 《英汉对比翻译导论》[M]. 上海：华东理工出版社.杨明星. 2014. 中国外交新词对外翻译的原则与策略[J].中国翻译（3）： 103-107.杨全红. 2003. 汉英新词翻译：一项费力难讨好的活儿[J]. 中国翻译（5）： 70-73.袁晓宁. 2013. 论外宣英译策略的二元共存[J]. 中国翻译（1)：93-97.张华. 2014. Translation of GWRs Based on Functional Equivalence[D]. 山西：中北大学.张洁，刘静，朱荔芳. 2017. 中国特色词汇英文翻译方法及策略研究[J]. 中国海 洋大学学报（3）:112-117
2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案
It can be seen from these valuable sections that the purpose of this paper is to analyze the different translation strategies of official versions of neologisms with Chinese characteristics in the report on the work of the Chinese government 2020 under the guidance of Nida's functional equivalence theory, and to put forward some judgments and suggestions. This paper will study the English translation of neologisms with Chinese characteristics through the observation and enumeration of examples in the report on the work of the Chinese government in 2020. Guided by Nida's functional equivalence theory, this paper makes a comprehensive study of the characteristics, forms and meanings of these new words. This paper attempts to find out the appropriate translation strategies to achieve functional equivalence by analyzing the translation methods of these new words.
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