1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述包含参考文献）
1. Introduction1.1 Research backgroundDocumentaries are gaining increasing popularity in this new world, various documentaries emerge in large numbers. The term -- documentary was first called by British John Grissom, a disciple of Flaherty, the father of the documentary. Some documentaries show marvellous nature phenomena, some record meaningful historical events, some share profound perspectives and arguments, some radiate attitudes and principles. Documentary is the witness of real life and the faithful portrayal of history, as a result it can influence, inspire and enlighten the audience with its indisputable, convincing authenticity and unique artistic charm from life. Forest China and Earth Terre are two similar documentaries like this. Forest China is an 11-hour natural ecology documentary made elaborately by China Central Television in four years. It contains beautiful picture that shows the magic and beauty of the forest, as well as the harmonious symbiotic relationship between people, animals and forests. Vivid, realistic, romantic shooting style and wonderful, meaningful content can let the world understand the real ecological civilization of China. Sharing numerous similarities, Earth Terre is a television documentary produced by the BBC. It vividly describes the migration of three kinds of animals in the global environment, and awakens the whole world to cherish the earth and combat global warming. The two documentaries share similar themes, one made in China and the other by the British. The similarities and differences between Chinese and Western views on nature are reflected in the recording and understanding of nature, so does the different language features of Chinese and English documentaries.In ancient China, the unity of nature and human being has always been the mainstream spiritual tradition of Chinese culture. On the contrary, in the western cultural tradition, nature has long been regarded as a kind of savage power against people, which needs to be conquered. Because of the different traditional culture, there are great differences between China and the West in the judgment of natural aesthetics. Today, we live in a noisy city, on one hand, the complexity of the city provides us with material prosperity, on the other hand, it also brings us environmental pollution and the empty spiritual world. At this time, nature has become what we are yearning for. 1.2 Need of the studyThe thesis has both practical and academic meanings. On one hand, it is of great importance for us to study documentaries. First of all, nature documentaries mainly involve biological diversity, focus on wildlife and plants, show the true state of life of animals and plants through cameras, show their alternative life coexisting with human beings and provide a new perspective on nature and life for mankind. Secondly, natural documentaries tell about the living state of animals and plants through storytelling, add more humanistic care to the shooting process, making animals emotional and competitive, arouse the resonance of the audience from the point of view of human nature. Thirdly, nature documentaries show animals and plants life in the original ecology and at the same time, infiltrate the importance of understanding and care of animals and plants,the lens reflect more human respect for animals, acceptance and the recognition of the existence of animals. Through the creation of natural documentaries, people pay attention to the living status of animals and plants, reflect on the behavior of human beings such as destroying nature, making human beings face up to the relationship between man and nature, explore the way of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, so as to understand the relationship between man and nature, man and environment.On the other hand, it is also significant for us to study human's view of nature. The view of nature requires human beings not only to understand "themselves ", but also to understand nature, to follow the laws of nature, to develop, utilize and transform nature by science and technology to the extent permitted by nature's ability to regenerate and coordinate nature. The ecological view of nature also requires people to become conscious regulators in the relationship between man and nature. When human interests and natural interests conflict, human beings should consciously regulate and control their own behavior. Studying the similarity and difference between China and England is conductive for people to take appropriate measures accordingly to promote harmonious coexistence between man and nature. 1.3 Research purposesThe present study aims to make a contrastive analysis of the two documentaries--Forest China and Earth Terre, from the perspective of the language features of them and a comparison between Chinese and English view of nature reflected by these two documentaries. Forest China and Earth Terre are two classical and excellent documentaries of China and England: they reflect many differences between people's views on nature especially their attitudes toward nature and the way they use to live harmoniously with nature. This thesis will focus on the similarities and differences between Chinese and English views on nature and will also explore the language features of Chinese and English documentaries.2. Literature review2.1 Definitions of documentary and view of natureThe term documentary was first called by British John Grissom, a disciple of Flaherty, the father of the documentary. (Bill. Nichols, 2007) However, he did not give a perfect definition of documentary, or, what kind of work can be regarded as documentary, around this issue. Many famous scholars have had different opinions. In modern view, documentary is a film that describes, records, or studies the real world.(Anna Zoellner, 2009)The view of nature is people's general view toward nature. There are many classifications of view on nature, and this thesis will focus on the ecological view of nature. Ecological view of nature is the embodiment of systematic view of nature in the field of human ecology. The ecological thought of Marx and Engels is the direct theoretical source of modern ecological view of nature. Their basic ideas include: Nature is the premise and foundation of human existence and development; Environment creates man and man also creates environment; Natural productivity is the foundation of social productivity; Human should live harmoniously with nature; To reform unreasonable social system is an important way to realize the coordinated development of man and nature. This is one of the most primary and important sources of human's ecological view of nature. 2.2 Differences between Chinese and Western views of nature Many treatises (Singer, L. and P. Millage, 2013) have shown that because of the different living environment, the Chinese and Western people have different understanding and understanding of the view of nature. Scholars (Huang Xuanping, 2000) have proposed that the two different views of nature have different manifestations and influences. The understanding, comparison and research of the different views of nature in the East and the West are not only beneficial to our understanding of the past history, but also to the present and future development of our society.In ancient China, people regarded nature as a universal and moving whole, thus forming a simple view of nature.(Davis, L. 2006) Since ancient times, the eastern world, represented by China, has advocated non-violation of the order of nature, and let nature take its course. It is believed that everything in the world is constantly circulating and multiplying. Generally speaking, ancient Chinese thinkers always have a sense of mystery toward nature. They rarely mentioned understanding nature and transforming nature, but mostly focused on the exploration of the inner world. Westerners, represented by Europe, on the contrary, think that man is opposite to nature and are accustomed to separating man from nature, thinking that man's thoughts is an objective thing independent of nature, and one should pay attention to the exploration of nature, thinking that man can transform nature and even conquer nature through struggle and effort. (Cordella. M. ,2006) These articles and theories clearly and concretely state the differences of view of nature between the eastern world and the western world, including the reason why these differences exist and the development of these various views. This thesis will make further efforts to make a comparison between Chinese and Western ecological natural views by comparing the two similar documentaries made in China and England. What is worth of mentioning is that the different language features of documentaries will also be compared and analyzed.References:Cordella, M. (2006). Discourse analysis and the subtitles of documentaries: the case of The children of Russia, Odisea, 25(7), 77-88.Davis, L. (2006). Doing culture: Cross-cultural communication in action. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.Singer, L., 年鉴学派视野下的中国纪录片》，北京：社会科学文献出版社.张同道（2015），《中国纪录片发展研究报告》，北京：中国社会科学出版社.
2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案
1．Research TopicThis study mainly focuses on probing into the similarities and differences of Chinese and western views of nature reflected by the two documentaries around the topic of nature. They are Forest China and Earth Terre. These two documentaries were chosen because they were made by China-- a great country that gestated eastern civilization and England-- a main power that gestated western civilization. These two documentaries bear a large number of people's views toward nature. As a result, they are valuable materials to be compared with and analysed. It is also needed to mention that these two documentaries share many similarities and differences in terms of the features of documentary language, so to summarize the language features of Chinese and English documentaries will be the other important topic of this study.2. Research methodThis paper mainly adopts the comparative method to analyze the similarities and differences between Chinese and western views of nature reflected by the two documentaries Forest China and Earth Terre. The analytical method is also be used to explore views of nature reflected by the contents of documentaries as well as the language features of the two documentaries. To sum up, the comparative method and the analytical method are the two main and most important method that are adopted in this paper.
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